Acharonim on Tanakh

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Aderet Eliyahu

18th-century commentary on the Torah by the Vilna Gaon.
Aderet Eliyahu
18th-century commentary on the Torah by the Vilna Gaon.
Aderet Eliyahu (Rabbi Yosef Chaim)
19th-century commentary on select verses from the Torah and haftarot by the Ben Ish Chai, with elaborative and mystical interpretations.
Ahavat Yehonatan
18th-century commentary on the haftarot, written by Rabbi Jonathan Eybeschutz.
Alon Bakhut on Lamentations
18th-century commentary on the book of Lamentations, written by Rabbi Jonathan Eybeschutz.

Avi Ezer

18th-century supercommentary to Ibn Ezra's Torah commentary.
Avi Ezer
18th-century supercommentary to Ibn Ezra's Torah commentary.
Ba'alei Brit Avram
Mystical commentary compiled by a student of Rav Chaim Vital in the 17th century and first published in the 19th century.
Beit HaLevi on Torah
19th-century analytical commentary on Genesis and part of Exodus by Rabbi Yosef Dov Soloveitchik.
Chanukat HaTorah
A mystical commentary compiled in the 19th century from teachings of Rabbi Avraham Yehoshua Heschel, a leading 17th-century Polish rabbi
Chatam Sofer on Torah
19th-century commentary of the Chatam Sofer on the Torah and haftarot published by his grandson.

Chida

Series of 18th-century commentaries of Rav Chaim Yosef David Azulai, incorporating rabbinic and kabbalistic teachings.

Divrei David

Rashi
17th-century supercommentary on Rashi’s Torah commentary by R. David HaLevi Segal, author of the Turei Zahav, or Taz, on the Shulchan Arukh
Em LaMikra
19th-century commentary by R. Elijah Benamozegh, incorporating philology, archaeology, and history.
Eretz Chemdah
19th-century collection of sermons on the Torah readings and haftarot by Rabbi Meir Leibush Weisser, known by his acronym "Malbim."

Gur Aryeh

16th-century supercommentary to Rashi’s Torah commentary by the Maharal of Prague.
Torah
Sixteenth-century supercommentary on Rashi's Torah commentary.

HaKtav VeHaKabalah

19th-century commentary by an opponent of Reform Judaism meant to demonstrate how the oral tradition is derived from the biblical text.
HaKtav VeHaKabalah
19th-century commentary by an opponent of Reform Judaism meant to demonstrate how the oral tradition is derived from the biblical text.

Haamek Davar

Influential 19th-century commentary of the Netziv based on classes he gave on the weekly Torah portion in the Volozhin Yeshiva.

Harchev Davar

The Netziv’s elaborations upon his Haamek Davar.
Iggeret Shmuel on Ruth
16th-century commentary on the Book of Ruth, by Samuel de Uçeda, that includes interpretations from talmudic times all the way to the author’s contemporaries.

Imrei Yosher

19th-century commentaries on the five megillot by the author of the Netivot Mishpat.

Kli Yakar

17th-century commentary based in part on sermons delivered by the author, Rabbi Shlomo Ephraim of Luntshits.
Lechem Dim'ah on Eikhah
16th-century commentary on the book of Lamentations.
Levush HaOrah
16th-century supercommentary on Rashi’s Torah commentary.

Malbim

19th-century commentary known for its assumption that every word in Tanakh carries unique meaning, with no synonyms or repetitions.
Torah
Prophets
Writings
Ayelet HaShachar
Work detailing 613 principles through which rabbinic tradition interprets the Bible.
Malbim Beur Hamilot
Maskil LeDavid
18th-century super-commentary on Rashi on the Torah by Rabbi David Pardo, an Italian Rabbi and poet.

Mechokekei Yehudah

R. Yehuda Leib Krinsky's two-part supercommentary on Ibn Ezra's Torah commentary
Karnei Ohr
20th-century supercommentary by R. Yehuda Leib Krinsky consisting of lengthy analysis of Ibn Ezra’s Torah commentary
Yahel Ohr
20th-century work by R. Yehuda Leib Krinsky containing brief explanations of Ibn Ezra’s Torah commentary
Megalleh Amukkot on Torah
16th-century Torah commentary by the kabbalist R. Natan Nota Spira
Mekhir Yayin on Esther
First work authored by Rema, written in the 16th century as a commentary comparing the plot of the book of Esther to a person’s journey through life
Menot HaLevi on Esther
Commentary on the book of Esther by Rabbi Shlomo HaLevi Alkabetz.

Meshech Hochma

20th-century commentary of Rav Meir Simcha of Dvinsk, which he started writing as a teenager.
Meshekh Chokhmah
20th-century commentary of Rav Meir Simcha of Dvinsk, which he started writing as a teenager.

Metzudat David

18th-century classic commentary on Prophets and Writings explaining verses in clear and simple language, primarily based on the Radak’s commentary.

Metzudat Zion

Work originally composed together with the Metzudat David as one work, explaining individual words.
Minei Targuma on Torah
18th-century commentary interpreting and expanding upon Targum Onkelos.

Mizrachi

16th-century supercommentary on Rashi’s Torah commentary, in part defending Rashi from critiques of later commentators like the Ramban.

Nachalat Ya'akov

Nachalat Ya'akov
Early 19th-century compilation of essays on the Torah by R. Yaakov Lorberbaum
Netinah LaGer
19th-century commentary on Targum Onkelos, an Aramaic translation of the Torah.
Ohel Ya'akov on Torah
Collection of the 18th-century Dubner Maggid’s homiletical teachings on the Torah
Ohev Ger
19th-century academic work of the Shadal analyzing the methods of Targum Onkelos and presenting its textual variants.
Ohr Chadash
16th-century commentary on the book of Esther by Maharal

Or HaChaim

18th-century Torah commentary incorporating mysticism, originating in Morocco and seen as an essential work by the European founders of chasidism.
Pardes Yosef
Early 20th-century Torah commentary by Rabbi Yosef Patzanovski
Rav Hirsch on Torah
Seminal 19th-century German commentary by R. Samson Raphael Hirsch expressing to his belief in the interconnectedness of Torah and civilization
Reggio on Torah
19th-century commentary on the five books of the Torah by a scientifically oriented Italian scholar.

Shadal

19th-century commentary by a leading figure in the Jewish enlightenment
Torah
Isaiah
19th-century commentary on the book of Isaiah by Samuel David Luzzatto, originally published alongside the author's own translation of Isaiah into Italian

Siftei Chakhamim

17th-century supercommentary on Rashi, often beginning sections by identifying the textual difficulties that made Rashi’s comments necessary.
Siftei Chakhamim
17th-century supercommentary on Rashi, often beginning sections by identifying the textual difficulties that made Rashi’s comments necessary.
Song of Songs
Tevat Gome
18th-century commentary by the author of the Pri Megadim, a supercommentary on major Shulchan Arukh commentaries.

Torah Temimah

Early 20h-century encyclopedia of the passages in rabbinic literature relevant to each biblical verse accompanied by brief explanations.
Tzafnat Pa'neach on Torah
20th-century commentary of the Rogatchover Gaon with a focus on analysis of biblical text through a legal lens.
Tze'enah Ure'enah
English translation of a popular 17th-century Yiddish work on the weekly Torah portions, haftarot, and megillot
Yeriot Shlomo on Torah
16th-century supercommentary on the Mizrachi supercommentary on Rashi’s Torah commentary.
Yesha Elohim on Esther
16th-century commentary on the book of Esther with a focus on highlighting God’s role in the story

Visualizations

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